language disorders

 

 

language disorderabnormal development of understanding or expressing in speech or written language. The disorder may have affected one, more or all of the pragmatic, semantic, syntactic, phonological, or morphological areas of the grammatical system. People with language disorders have problems in forming sentences or abstracting information, in other words, holding and remembering information in short and long-term memory (ASHA, 1980). As it is understood from this definition, the disorder can be at the levels of understanding and expressing language, or both. These areas are listening, speaking, reading and writing.

 

CATEGORIES OF LANGUAGE DISORDER

Specific language impairment SLI: Special language disorder is simply the retardation of language development, although there is no apparent or accompanying problem. Children in this group show normal language development characteristics despite the deterioration in their language development.

 

Language Learning Disability LLD: This is marked difficulty in acquiring listening, speaking, reading, writing, reasoning, and math skills. This barrier is believed to originate from the central nervous system.

 

Autism Spectrum Disorder: (Autism spectrum disorder ASD) or Pervasive developmental disorder (PDD)  Impaired communication and social skills are characteristic. Repetitive movements accompany this condition.

 

Brain injury: It is a neurological condition caused by any damage to the brain. These causes can be traumatic brain injury, strokes, tumor, epilepsy, infection or congenital.

 

Mental Retardation MR: It is a condition caused by mental retardation below normal and prevents language development. The cause may be biological, medical or syndromic.

 

Deafness: Deafness has a significant effect on language development, ranging from little to no hearing. The cause may be biological or environmental